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(Vocal/instrumental group, 1984–97, 2004–present) Pioneers of British indie rock, the band’s fizzing post-punk guitars and homely, oddball lyrics took them to the UK Top 50 with George Best (1987). David Gedge (vocals, guitar), Pete Solowka (guitar), Keith Gregory (bass) and Shaun Charman (drums) filled their debut major label outing with Ukrainian songs from Solowka’s heritage. After ...

Source: The Definitive Illustrated Encyclopedia of Rock, general editor Michael Heatley

‘The Story of the Soul and the Body’ Premiered: 1600, Rome Libretto by Agostino Manni and Dorisio Isorelli Prologue The figures of Avveduto and Prudenzio (both mean ‘Prudence’) discuss at length the various facets of human nature and appeal to the audience to learn from what they will see in this allegorical opera. Act I The character Tempo (Time) presents ...

Source: Definitive Opera Encyclopedia, founding editor Stanley Sadie

‘Salsoul Nugget (If You Wanna)’, 2001 A seemingly faceless group with a knack for a club hit, M&S/The Girl Next Door were well aware of their club-music lineage when they gave this song the title ‘Salsoul Nugget’. Salsoul is one of the most collectable 1970s disco/dance labels of all time, and an inspiration to similar labels since. Mostly now ...

Source: The Definitive Illustrated Encyclopedia of Rock, general editor Michael Heatley

(Re-khart Shtrous) 1864–1949 German composer During an amazingly productive career, Richard Strauss wrote 15 operas, five ballets, several orchestral masterpieces, well over 200 songs and many other works. As a conductor he contributed in countless practical ways to the musical life of Europe and the US in the flourishing period from the last two decades of the nineteenth ...

Source: Classical Music Encyclopedia, founding editor Stanley Sadie

(Vocal/instrumental group 1982–93, 1999–present) Created by singer/guitarist Mike Scott who enlisted Anthony Thistlethwaite (saxophone, mandolin), Karl Wallinger (keyboards), Kevin Wilkinson (drums) and Steve Wickham (violin) and re-established folk rock as a medium. 1985’s This Is The Sea first delivered ‘The Whole Of The Moon’, which went to No. 3 when reissued in 1991. 1988’s Fisherman’s Blues scored in the ...

Source: The Definitive Illustrated Encyclopedia of Rock, general editor Michael Heatley

Contemporary music whose ancestry lies in the Western classical tradition finds itself in a curious position. Nothing illustrates this better than the fact that we are not entirely sure what to call it. The label ‘classical’ seems anachronistic, especially when applied to composers who have challenged some of the fundamental assumptions of the classical tradition. ‘Concert music’ is similarly problematic ...

Source: Classical Music Encyclopedia, founding editor Stanley Sadie

By the beginning of the eighteenth century, opera was established in some form in most major European centres. The basic types of serious and comic opera in both Italian and French traditions shared similarities, although the content and style of an operatic entertainment could vary according to whether it was intended to flatter a private patron, resound with ...

Source: Definitive Opera Encyclopedia, founding editor Stanley Sadie

‘Medieval’ as a concept is very hard to define, and the period itself is just as difficult to delineate. It was a term invented by Renaissance writers who wished to make a distinction between their modernity and what had gone before. Although the onset of the Renaissance is often taken to be around the beginning of the fourteenth century, ...

Source: Classical Music Encyclopedia, founding editor Stanley Sadie

Once hailed by the Pope as ‘Defender of the Faith’ against Martin Luther, Henry VIII made an about-face when he declared himself primate of the Church of England in order to grant himself a divorce from his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. The political, religious and social results of Henry’s action are well-known; the impact on music was ...

Source: Classical Music Encyclopedia, founding editor Stanley Sadie

Opera first reached Naples when Venetian companies brought their productions to the city after 1648. At that time, the city was recovering from the spate of murders and massacres that had taken place during the revolt against Spanish rule led by the fisherman Tommaso Aniello Masaniello. Masaniello was killed in 1647 by agents working for the Spanish Viceroy Count d’Onate. ...

Source: Definitive Opera Encyclopedia, founding editor Stanley Sadie

Composers of the twentieth century and up to the present have often been drawn to the music of the medieval and Renaissance periods. A relatively early example is Igor Stravinsky (1882–1971), who became interested in the fourteenth-century technique of hocket and in the harmonic experiments of the Italian composer Carlo Gesualdo (c. 1561–1613). Hocket has since inspired many composers, both ...

Source: Classical Music Encyclopedia, founding editor Stanley Sadie

During the early seventeenth century a remarkable dynasty of musicians emerged, culminating in the genius of J. S. Bach. His musical forebears are too numerous to consider individually, but a handful of them were sufficiently accomplished and imaginative as composers to deserve a mention. Their music is increasingly finding a place in present-day concert programming. Their multifarious gifts and ...

Source: Classical Music Encyclopedia, founding editor Stanley Sadie

Sonata form was the most important principle of musical structure during the classical period, and has remained so up to the present day. It applies most often to a single movement, part of a sonata, symphony or quartet, but an independent movement, such as an overture, may also be in sonata form. Its principles affect ...

Source: Classical Music Encyclopedia, founding editor Stanley Sadie

The bagpipe principle is simple: instead of the player blowing directly on a reed pipe, the air is supplied from a reservoir, usually made of animal skin, which is inflated either by mouth or by bellows. The result is the ability to produce a continuous tone, and the possibility of adding extra reed-pipes to enable a single ...

Source: The Illustrated Complete Musical Instruments Handbook, general editor Lucien Jenkins

The history of musical instruments has always been very closely linked to the history of music itself. New musical styles often come about because new instruments become available, or improvements to existing ones are made. Improvements to the design of the piano in the 1770s, for instance, led to its adoption by composers such as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ...

Source: The Illustrated Complete Musical Instruments Handbook, general editor Lucien Jenkins
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An extensive music information resource, bringing together the talents and expertise of a wide range of editors and musicologists, including Stanley Sadie, Charles Wilson, Paul Du Noyer, Tony Byworth, Bob Allen, Howard Mandel, Cliff Douse, William Schafer, John Wilson...

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